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道依茨柴油發(fā)動機(jī)常見故障與排除

2012/6/8 15:27:04

道依茨柴油發(fā)動機(jī)常見故障與排除

1、道依茨柴油機(jī)起動困難
（1）燃油箱內(nèi)無油或油箱開關(guān)未打開；
（2）燃油管路或?yàn)V清器堵塞；
（3）燃油系統(tǒng)中有空氣；
（4）噴油泵不供油或供油時間不對；
（5）噴油器不噴油或霧化不良；
（6）氣溫太低、道依茨柴油機(jī)過冷；
（7）氣缸壓縮壓力不足；
（8）起動機(jī)不轉(zhuǎn)動或無力；
（9）空氣濾清器或進(jìn)氣管路堵塞。
2、道依茨柴油機(jī)功率不足
（1）氣缸壓縮壓力不足；
（2）柴油質(zhì)量不好或油中含水；
（3）空氣濾清器堵塞；
（4）消聲器堵塞；
（5）燃油系統(tǒng)管路、器件內(nèi)有空氣；
（6）配氣相位誤差；
（7）供油提前角不對；
（8）噴油器噴油壓力不足，霧化不良；
（9）各缸供油量不均勻；
（10）轉(zhuǎn)速未達(dá)到額定轉(zhuǎn)速；
3、氣缸壓縮壓力不足
（1）氣門間隙過小或沒有；
（2）氣門和氣門座積炭、磨損、密封不良；
（3）活塞環(huán)磨損，彈力不足；
（4）活塞環(huán)被積炭膠結(jié)卡死；
（5）缸套和活塞磨損，間隙過大；
（6）氣缸蓋墊片密封不嚴(yán)；
（7）噴油器孔處漏氣；
（8）氣門彈簧折斷；
（9）氣門與氣門導(dǎo)管咬住卡死；
4、氣缸床為什么會沖破？
產(chǎn)生氣缸沖破的主要原因有：
（1）氣缸床本身內(nèi)在質(zhì)量不佳；
（2）機(jī)油壓力太高；
（3）缸蓋螺栓未達(dá)到規(guī)定的擰緊力矩；
（4）安裝氣缸蓋時，缸蓋螺栓擰緊的方法沒有按規(guī)定方法進(jìn)行；
（5）氣缸蓋下平面因使用時間較長變形；（）
（6）另外機(jī)體上平面和缸蓋下平面有毛刺、凸臺和凹槽也會產(chǎn)生沖缸床；
（7）氣缸套壓入機(jī)體后，其臺肩高出機(jī)體上平面尺寸超差，在同一臺機(jī)體上的高度差超差。

5、氣門為什么會漏氣？
氣門漏氣以后，氣缸內(nèi)會發(fā)生咱喳咱喳的聲音，導(dǎo)致功率下降。產(chǎn)生的原因有：
（1）氣門和氣門座密封面磨損、燒壞或產(chǎn)生凹穴；
（2）氣門間隙調(diào)整不當(dāng)；
（3）噴油嘴霧化不好或壓力不足而產(chǎn)生氣門和氣門座密封面積炭太多關(guān)閉不嚴(yán)；
（4）氣門桿彎曲變形或氣門桿部與導(dǎo)管配合過緊，上下運(yùn)行有阻力，
（5）氣門彈簧折斷或彈力減弱，無力將氣門關(guān)閉嚴(yán)密。

6、活塞為什么會撞擊氣門？
活塞撞擊氣門發(fā)動機(jī)會發(fā)生沉重的撞擊聲，若不及時排除，會頂壞活塞，發(fā)生大事故。產(chǎn)生這種故障的主要原因是：
（1）氣門的凹陷深度不符合技術(shù)要求；
（2）主軸承螺母松動；
（3）連桿瓦合金燒熔或脫落；
（4）凸輪軸齒輪壓板螺栓松動，凸輪軸齒輪竄動，造成配氣相位失調(diào)整；
（5）活塞肖與連桿襯套嚴(yán)懲磨損，配合間隙太大,
（6）氣門間隙不當(dāng)；
（7）正時齒輪記號打錯或未按記號裝配，配氣相位不正確；
（8）氣門彈簧折斷；
（9）氣門的凹陷深度（氣門大端平面低于氣缸蓋平面尺寸）超差。

7、氣門為什么會斷頭？
氣門斷頭以后，氣門頭部會掉入氣缸造成氣缸蓋和活塞頂爛，若不及時停車嚴(yán)重的造成連桿、曲軸等變形和損壞。
氣門斷頭的因素較多，除氣門本身的材質(zhì)和熱處理問題以外，還有下列原因：
（1）氣門間隙不對；
（2）正時齒輪記號打錯或未按記號裝配，配氣相位不正確；
（3）排氣溫度太高；
（4）氣門彈簧折斷；
（5）氣門鎖夾沒有裝好或少裝一只；
（6）凸輪軸齒輪壓板螺栓松動，造成凸輪軸齒輪竄動，配氣相位失調(diào)；
（7）道依茨柴油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速過高“飛車”，增加了氣門的沖擊負(fù)荷，引起氣門折斷；
（8）氣門鎖夾拆裝混亂，相互不配套，易造成氣門脫落。

8、氣缸蓋為什么產(chǎn)生裂紋？
氣缸蓋產(chǎn)生裂紋后，冷卻水就會進(jìn)入氣缸內(nèi)，發(fā)動機(jī)工作時，由排氣管噴出。產(chǎn)生氣缸蓋裂紋的主要因素一般是由于冷熱不均而造成。原因有：
（1）供油時間不對，噴油嘴霧化不良，燃燒惡化；
（2）冬季冷卻水未放盡凍裂；
（3）水箱缺水或斷水后發(fā)動機(jī)產(chǎn)生高溫，突然加冷水激裂；
（4）高壓油泵各缸供油量不均，有的缸供油量太大，也會產(chǎn)生缸蓋裂紋。
（5）氣缸蓋底面水道孔鑄造時偏差、水道孔清砂不凈、水道過窄或拐角過小，冷卻水循環(huán)不暢；
（6）由于配套產(chǎn)品改裝不合理，造成高溫也會造成缸蓋裂紋。

9、氣缸套為什么會斷頭？
（1）氣缸套內(nèi)在質(zhì)量不符合技術(shù)要求，例如硬度低、含硫量高等；
（2）氣缸蓋螺栓擰緊力矩達(dá)不到規(guī)定要求或缸套端面裝配時低于氣缸體止口平面，因此活塞在上下運(yùn)動時氣缸有浮動現(xiàn)象，使缸套斷裂；
（3）安裝缸套時，氣缸體止口有積炭、鐵屑等雜物；
（4）氣缸體孔因使用時間較長變形，上下不同心；
（5）氣缸體安裝缸套四周的螺孔邊緣有裂紋，這樣，發(fā)動機(jī)在高溫工作中因熱膨脹不均而使缸套頭部擠壓而斷裂；
（6）裝配缸套時涂漆也會使缸套斷裂；
（7）氣缸套臺肩上平面高出機(jī)體上平面太大；
（8）氣缸套臺肩切槽應(yīng)為圓角，加工時如果沒有圓角或圓角太小，引起應(yīng)力集中容易造成氣缸套從臺肩處斷裂；
（9）使用劣質(zhì)氣缸床，也會造成缸套斷裂；
（10）機(jī)體缸套臺套加工時不水平，止口未倒角。

10、道依茨柴油機(jī)為什么會冒黑煙？
在使用時間較長以后，道依茨柴油機(jī)會發(fā)生冒煙的現(xiàn)象，影響工作環(huán)境，造成空氣污染，并且功力也明顯下降。其主要原因有：
（1）發(fā)動機(jī)長時間超負(fù)荷工作；
（2）噴油器壓力不足或霧化不良產(chǎn)生不完全燃燒；
（3）供油角度過遲，排氣管中燃燒；
（4）高壓油泵供油量太大或各缸供油不均勻；
（5）空氣濾清器及進(jìn)氣道阻塞進(jìn)氣不通暢；
（6）使用重質(zhì)柴油或柴油質(zhì)量差；
（7）氣門密風(fēng)封不嚴(yán)漏氣；
（8）凸輪軸上凸輪磨損過大；
（9）噴油泵提前器失效；
（10）排氣岐管或消聲器堵塞不暢通，發(fā)動機(jī)同時伴有異常響聲。

11、道依茨柴油機(jī)為什么會冒蘭煙？
冒蘭煙主要是由于燒機(jī)油所造成。其原因有：
（1）活塞與氣缸套嚴(yán)重磨損，配合間隙太大，機(jī)油進(jìn)入氣缸燃燒；
（2）活塞環(huán)裝配不當(dāng)產(chǎn)生對口；
（3）氣門桿和氣門導(dǎo)管嚴(yán)重磨損；
（4）活塞環(huán)油環(huán)損壞或因積炭較多卡死，失去刮油的功能；
（5）機(jī)油加得太多等。

12、道依茨柴油機(jī)水箱里為什么會有機(jī)油？
造成水箱內(nèi)有機(jī)油的主要因素是：
（1）道依茨柴油機(jī)氣缸蓋前蓋板內(nèi)油道有鋁悶塞，鋁悶塞裝配不合要求或漏裝，潤油進(jìn)入水道；
（2）機(jī)體上氣缸蓋油道有砂眼與水道相通，機(jī)體上氣缸蓋油道孔紫銅管松動未鉚死；
（3）氣缸蓋油道和水道壁有砂眼、縮松或裂紋；
（4）機(jī)油冷卻器蓋有砂眼、機(jī)油冷卻器芯裂紋，機(jī)油冷卻器總成“O”型密封圈裝配不好、“O”型橡膠圈老化彈力不足、機(jī)油冷卻器芯“O”型圈槽加工太深超差造成“O”圈密封壓力不夠。

13、油底殼內(nèi)為什么會有水？
油底殼內(nèi)進(jìn)入冷卻水以后產(chǎn)生機(jī)油變質(zhì)，造成油底殼內(nèi)有水的主要原因有：
（1）缸套阻水圈燒熔或老化破裂；
（2）氣缸蓋有裂紋砂眼漏水；
（3）濕式氣缸套破裂或有砂孔縮松
（4）濕式氣缸套斷頭；
（5）機(jī)體內(nèi)腔有裂紋或砂眼縮松等鑄造缺陷；
（6）機(jī)油冷卻器存在質(zhì)量問題，道依茨柴油機(jī)不工作時，水流入油底殼。

14、軸瓦為什么會燒熔？
軸瓦燒熔后使曲軸損壞，連桿變形，若不及時停車，嚴(yán)重的會造成連桿螺釘斷，擊破機(jī)體。產(chǎn)生燒瓦的原因有：
（1）油底殼內(nèi)機(jī)油油量不足或機(jī)油油路不暢通，以致潤滑不良；
（2）機(jī)油壓力過低；
（3）使用過程中機(jī)油太臟，機(jī)油中進(jìn)水、進(jìn)柴油，機(jī)油老化，機(jī)油型號不對；
（4）機(jī)油密封管路接頭及道依茨柴油機(jī)外部配置用油潤滑部件泄漏；
（5）機(jī)油濾芯堵塞，機(jī)油冷卻器堵塞；
（6）機(jī)油集濾器焊接不牢固脫落；
（7）機(jī)油吸油管破裂，機(jī)油吸油管鎖緊螺母松動；
（8）機(jī)油泵內(nèi)轉(zhuǎn)子破碎，泵軸斷裂等，均會造成燒死；
（9）軸瓦與軸頸的裝配間隙太大或太小，以致機(jī)油在潤滑時無法形成一定的油膜；
（10）軸頸的橢園度超過一定的要求，同樣使得機(jī)油無法形成油膜；
（11）軸瓦合金與瓦片澆鑄不牢固，在高速運(yùn)動中脫落；
（12）主軸承螺母和連桿螺釘擰緊力矩沒有達(dá)到規(guī)定的力矩；
（13）機(jī)體和曲軸在裝配時清潔度達(dá)不到技術(shù)要求；
（14）曲軸斜油孔和機(jī)體油道孔鉆穿；
（15）道依茨柴油機(jī)剛起動機(jī)油尚沒有充分進(jìn)行潤滑時，就讓道依茨柴油機(jī)高速運(yùn)轉(zhuǎn)；
（16）4110機(jī)冷卻活塞噴嘴斷或脫落。

15、道依茨柴油機(jī)轉(zhuǎn)速為什么提不高，車子跑不快？
（1）高壓油泵油門拉桿達(dá)不到最大位置即最大供油量，道依茨柴油機(jī)最高空轉(zhuǎn)低于標(biāo)定值，調(diào)速率低；
（2）燃油管路系統(tǒng)中有空氣；
（3）燃油管路或柴油濾清器堵塞，輸油泵小濾網(wǎng)堵塞，供油量不足；
（4）空氣濾清器堵塞，進(jìn)氣不足；
（5）噴油嘴積炭較多咬死；
（6）高壓油泵柱塞早期磨損等。

16、道依茨柴油機(jī)機(jī)油耗油量為什么會增大？
（1）活塞環(huán)在活塞槽中卡死、燒結(jié)現(xiàn)象，油環(huán)回油孔被積炭堵塞；
（2）活塞環(huán)彈力不足；
（3）活塞環(huán)、活塞與缸套嚴(yán)重磨損或存在拉缸現(xiàn)象，機(jī)油串入燃燒室中燃燒；
（4）活塞環(huán)裝配不當(dāng)，產(chǎn)生對口，第二道氣環(huán)裝反；油環(huán)開口位置不對；
（5）機(jī)油加得過多，機(jī)油飛濺過多，有部分進(jìn)入燃燒室燒掉；
（6）油底殼軟木墊損壞或放油螺釘漏油，造成機(jī)油消耗量增加；
（7）氣缸體缸套底孔失圓；
（8）氣缸套裝入機(jī)體缸套底孔內(nèi)失圓；
（9）氣門油封失效；
（10）氣缸蓋氣門導(dǎo)管孔失圓；
（11）活塞與缸套的配合間隙過大；
（12）氣門導(dǎo)管與氣門桿之間的間隙大，潤滑配氣機(jī)構(gòu)的機(jī)油進(jìn)入燃燒室；
（13）配氣機(jī)構(gòu)潤滑過渡，機(jī)油從氣門桿與氣門導(dǎo)管之間的間隙流入燃燒室。

17、道依茨柴油機(jī)在使用過程中曲軸為什么會斷裂？
曲軸在正常使用過程中，一般不會產(chǎn)生斷軸的，因?yàn)榍S在設(shè)計中已保證有足夠的強(qiáng)度，并且要經(jīng)過嚴(yán)格的探傷和平衡檢查測量。造成曲軸斷裂的原因有：
（1）曲軸皮下有砂眼、疏松；
（2）曲軸材料的物理性能、化學(xué)性能、金相組織不符合要求；
（3）發(fā)動機(jī)長時間超負(fù)荷工作，因疲勞過渡使曲軸斷裂；
（4）主軸承螺母松動或鎖片未鎖緊；
（5）機(jī)油太臟，潤滑條件差，造成熔瓦抱軸斷裂；
（6）曲軸修磨配加大瓦時，由于軸頸R角破壞，磨成直角，曲軸承受強(qiáng)度降低而造成斷裂；
（7）主軸承蓋由于材質(zhì)或加工原因斷裂；
（8）道依茨柴油機(jī)動力輸出端未采用離合器裝置，使曲軸受垂直于曲軸中心線方向的作用力，曲軸后端疲勞斷裂。

18、道依茨柴油機(jī)出水溫度過高
（1）水泵風(fēng)扇皮帶太松，泵水量減少；
（2）道依茨柴油機(jī)超負(fù)荷工作時間太長；
（3）冷卻水不足；
（4）水泵泵水不足，循環(huán)水量不足；
（5）水泵葉輪損壞，水泵葉輪與水泵軸松脫，水泵皮帶輪滾鍵，水泵軸承咬死；
（6）冷卻系統(tǒng)堵塞，冷卻水流動不暢；
（7）節(jié)溫器失靈；
（8）水溫感應(yīng)塞失靈或反應(yīng)不靈敏；
（9）潤滑不良，機(jī)油溫度高；
（10）風(fēng)扇轉(zhuǎn)動方向裝反；
（11）水箱散熱片之間的空隙被臟物堵塞影響通風(fēng)；
（12）水箱散熱面積大小，配套不合理；
（13）汽車或農(nóng)業(yè)機(jī)械等改裝不合理，水箱迎風(fēng)面被擋住太多；
（14）水箱無導(dǎo)風(fēng)罩；
（15）道依茨柴油機(jī)作固定動力使用時，通風(fēng)不暢環(huán)境溫度太高，或應(yīng)配以開式循環(huán)水冷卻的而未采用。

19、機(jī)油壓力過低
（1）油底殼中機(jī)油不足；
（2）機(jī)油壓力報警器失靈或反應(yīng)不靈敏；
（3）機(jī)油壓力表和機(jī)油壓力感應(yīng)塞不配套；
（4）機(jī)油油道堵塞；
（5）機(jī)油泵吸油濾網(wǎng)堵塞；
（6）機(jī)油濾清器堵塞，安全閥失靈；
（7）道依茨柴油機(jī)主軸承連桿軸承磨損，間隙增大；
（8）道依茨柴油機(jī)過熱，機(jī)油溫度高，機(jī)油變??；
（9）機(jī)油泵齒輪與殼體之間的間隙或齒側(cè)間隙過大；
（10）機(jī)油泵泵體有砂眼、縮松漏油；
（11）使用的機(jī)油牌號不對；
（12）495機(jī)墊片未裝或損壞，機(jī)油從縫隙中漏出；
（13）495機(jī)吸油管大螺母松動漏油；
（14）曲軸斜油孔、機(jī)體主軸承油孔鉆穿或有砂眼；
（15）機(jī)油濾清器上的回油閥開啟壓力過低，導(dǎo)致機(jī)油回油過早，影響整個潤滑系統(tǒng)的機(jī)油壓力；
（16）機(jī)油濾清器、機(jī)油泵的限壓閥磨損，彈簧彈力不足、變形、折斷、閥與座配合不嚴(yán)等；.
（17）機(jī)油泵主動軸與機(jī)油泵驅(qū)動齒輪配合松動；
（18）機(jī)油壓力報警器油道堵塞，造成測量不準(zhǔn)確。

20、 道依茨柴油機(jī)有敲擊聲
（1）燃油粗暴，氣缸內(nèi)有清脆的敲擊聲；
（2）燃燒遲緩，排氣管“放炮”；
（3）活塞和氣缸套間隙增大，發(fā)出喑啞的，敲擊聲有時象鏟擊聲；
（4）曲軸與主軸承間隙增大，發(fā)出周期性沉重撞擊聲；
（5）曲軸連桿軸頸與軸承間隙增大，發(fā)出鈍啞的撞擊聲；
（6）活塞銷與連桿襯套間隙過大，發(fā)出“當(dāng)當(dāng)”的聲音，聲音強(qiáng)而尖銳；
（7）氣門間隙過大，發(fā)出“達(dá)達(dá)”的聲音；
（8）氣門與活塞頂撞擊而發(fā)出清脆的撞擊聲。

20、道依茨柴油機(jī)在運(yùn)行中為什么會突然停車？
道依茨柴油機(jī)在運(yùn)行中突然停車有下列情況造成：
（1 ）柴油箱內(nèi)燃油用盡；
（2）燃油管路中有空氣和水份；
（3）空氣濾清器阻塞；
（4）柴油濾清器堵塞、輸油泵進(jìn)油螺釘內(nèi)小濾網(wǎng)由于燃油太臟阻塞，燃油不能進(jìn)入高壓油泵；
（5）高壓油泵齒條卡死；
（6）活塞與活塞環(huán)在氣缸中卡死，曲軸抱瓦，曲軸斷裂，連桿螺釘斷裂擊破機(jī)體，造成發(fā)動機(jī)突然停車。

21、連桿螺釘為什么會斷裂擊破機(jī)體？
邊桿螺栓在全部加工完成后，要逐個進(jìn)行磁力探傷檢驗(yàn)，其化學(xué)成份、、機(jī)械性能也都有嚴(yán)格控制。邊桿螺栓發(fā)生斷裂的原因有：
（1）連桿螺栓在裝配時未緊固到規(guī)定工作扭矩，4102機(jī)擰緊力矩100—120N.m，連桿螺栓在長期使用過程中松動，未及時緊固；
（2）連桿瓦因某種原因燒熔，連桿軸頸與連桿瓦之間間隙增大產(chǎn)生沖擊力而折斷；
（3）連桿鎖片損壞或沒有鎖牢；
（4）連桿體和連桿螺栓螺紋碰傷或不清潔，在旋連桿螺栓時雖然覺得扭力較大，實(shí)際上并沒有達(dá)到規(guī)定的扭矩值，產(chǎn)生假公斤值，這樣，連桿體和連桿瓦蓋之間因有縫隙而造成在運(yùn)行中被拉斷；
（5）連桿螺栓擰得太緊，擰緊力矩超過標(biāo)定范圍，以致連桿螺栓所受的力超過了螺栓材料的彈性極限。

22、搖臂軸上為什么潤滑油量太小或沒有潤滑油？
搖臂軸無潤滑油的原因有：
（1）機(jī)油泵不工作或工作不良，無機(jī)油壓力或機(jī)油壓力低；
（2）搖臂座油孔不通；
（3）臂座油孔因鐵屑、雜物堵塞機(jī)油上不來；
（4）在維修、保養(yǎng)中因裝配失誤將搖臂座裝配位置顛倒，滑油孔堵死；
（5）凸輪軸前襯套竄動，油孔位置偏移；
（6）凸輪軸上泵油槽位置偏移或泵油槽的寬度、深度、長度不夠；
（7）有油孔的搖臂座螺栓未擰緊，機(jī)油從搖臂座底面泄漏；
（8）裝配時搖臂軸油孔與搖臂座油孔未對齊或搖臂軸止緊螺釘松動，油孔變動不能對齊。

23、搖臂軸為什么會斷裂？
搖臂軸斷裂的原因有：
（1）搖臂座壓緊螺母松動、擰緊順序不當(dāng)；
（2）搖臂軸潤滑不良、咬死；
（2）在維修時臂座裝反，氣缸蓋油道內(nèi)的潤滑油上不來；
（3）搖臂軸潤滑油孔在鉆孔加工中鉆單邊強(qiáng)度不夠；
（4）搖臂軸在熱處理時油孔邊緣有裂紋。

24、搖臂座為什么會斷裂？
搖臂座是支撐搖臂軸、氣門搖臂和減壓軸的支架，造成搖臂座斷裂的原因有:
（1）搖臂座壓緊螺母的緊固力不夠；
（2）四只搖臂座有三種不同結(jié)構(gòu)，因此裝配時不能互相顛倒，第一只（靠近水泵的一只）搖臂底部有一小油孔，是氣缸墊油道通向搖臂軸油孔必經(jīng)之路，如果裝錯了將造成斷油，而導(dǎo)致?lián)u臂軸與氣門搖臂咬死且致使搖臂座斷裂；
（3）當(dāng)?shù)谝恢粨u臂座上止緊螺釘未指在搖臂軸的缺口內(nèi)或搖臂軸端部軸用擋圈漏裝，致使搖臂軸轉(zhuǎn)動或串動，也會造成搖軸座斷裂；
（4）若氣門間隙太小或沒有，這樣搖臂座受到附加的沖擊力，而使搖座斷裂

Deutz diesel engine common failures and trouble shooting

1, Deutz diesel engine starting difficulties

(1) no oil in the fuel tank or fuel tank switch did not open;

(2) fuel line or the filter;

(3) there is air in the fuel system;

(4) for oil injection pump is not for oil or not;

(5) the oil injector is not spraying or poorly atomized;

(6) the temperature is too low, Deutz diesel engine cold;

(7) insufficient cylinder compression pressure;

(8) the Starter does not rotate or powerless;

(9) air filter or intake manifold road block.

2 insufficient, Deutz diesel engine power

(1) insufficient cylinder compression pressure;

(2) poor diesel quality or oil-containing water;

(3) air filter;

(4) muffler plug;

(5) have air in the fuel system lines, devices;

(6) the valve timing errors;

(7) the fuel supply advance angle not right;

(8) the injector fuel injection pressure is not enough atomization bad;

(9) the oil content in each cylinder is not uniform;

(10) the speed has not reached its rated speed;

3, low cylinder compression pressure

(1) valve clearance is too small or not;

(2) valve and valve seat carbon, wear and tear, seal the bad;

(3) piston ring wear, lack of elasticity;

(4) piston ring carbon bonded to die;

(5) the wear of cylinder and piston, clearance is too large;

(6) the cylinder head gasket is not strict;

(7) leakage of injector hole;

(8) the valve spring broken;

(9) valves and valve guide bite stuck;

4, cylinder bed why did I break?

Cylinder broke through the main reasons are:

(1) cylinder bed itself poor quality;

(2) the oil pressure is too high;

(3) does not meet the requirements of cylinder head bolts tightening torque;

(4) when you install a cylinder, cylinder head bolt tightening methods are not methods according to regulations;

(5) the under surface of cylinder by the use of a long time deformation; ()

(6) another plane and the cylinder head on the under surface of the body with Burr, convex and concave grooves will also have a red cylinder bed;

(7) after the cylinder liners pressed into the body, their plane oversize shoulder high out of the body, in the same body height difference on the variance.

5, why would valve leak?

After valve leak, I there my there sound will take place within the cylinder, leading to power down. Causes of:

(1) valve and valve seat sealing surface abrasion, burn or Pocket;

(2) improper valve clearance adjustment;

(3) the nozzle atomization is not good or low pressure valve and valve seat sealing area too much carbon off strictly;

(4) the bending deformation of valve stem or valve stem and catheter serve too tight, run up and down with resistance,

(5) the elastic valve spring broken or weakened, and valves close tightly.

6, why was the piston hit valves?

Piston hit valves engine of heavy impact sound can occur, if not promptly excluded, bad Pistons, big accident occurred. The main reason for this failure is:

(1) depression depth does not meet the technical requirements of the valve;

(2) main bearing nut is loose;

(3) the connecting rod alloy burn or have fallen off;

(4) plate camshaft gear bolt, camshaft gear Hunt, causing loss of valve timing adjustment;

(5) piston and connecting rod bushing Shaw criminals who wear, clearance is too large,

(6) the improper valve clearance;

(7) the timing gear marks or not marked wrong Assembly, valve timing is incorrect;

(8) the valve spring broken;

(9) the sunken depth valve (valve big end plane below surface of cylinder size) variance.

7, why would valve breakage?

After the end of valve, head will fall into the cylinders causing the valve cylinder head and Pistons top-black, if not stop connecting rods, crankshaft deformation and caused serious damage.

Valve motion for more, other than issues of material and heat treatment of the valve itself, there are the following reasons:

(1) valve clearance not;

(2) the timing gear marks or not marked wrong Assembly, valve timing is incorrect;

(3) discharge temperature is too high;

(4) the valve spring broken;

(5) gas gutter do not fit well or less put an;

(6) the camshaft gear pressure plate bolt, causing the camshaft gear Hunt, valve timing offset;

(7) Deutz diesel engine speed is too high "speed", increases the impact load of valve, valve caused by broken;

(8) the valve gutter disassembly confusing, does not fit with each other, causing valve off.

8, cylinder head cracks why?

After cylinder head cracks, water will enter the cylinder, engine work, from exhaust pipe out. Have a cylinder head crack of main factor is generally caused due to both hot and cold. Reason:

(1) fuel delivery time wrong, bad nozzle atomization, combustion deterioration;

(2) cooling water does not freeze in winter cracks;

(3) water tank or water after water from the engine heat, and all of a sudden cold water stress cracking;

(4) each cylinder of high pressure oil pump oil quantity is uneven, some cylinders of fuel delivery is too large, and also have a cracked cylinder head.

(5) the cylinder bottom hole deviation when the casting of surface watercourses, watercourses Kong Qing NET, overly narrow watercourse, or corner of sand is not too small, due to poor cooling water circulation;

(6) by matching product modifications are not reasonable, resulting in high temperature can have a cracked cylinder head.

9, why the end of cylinder liner?

(1) inherent quality of cylinder liner does not comply with the technical requirements, such as the low hardness, high sulphur;

(2) cylinder head bolt tightening torque does not meet requirements of or below the cylinder block when the cylinder end Assembly rabbet plane, so when the piston up and down the cylinder are floating, cylinder liner broken;

(3) when installing the cylinder, the cylinder body with carbon, iron and other debris;

(4) the cylinder hole using a long time deformation, different;

(5) install cylinder cylinder screw holes around the edge crack, so that the engine at high temperature due to thermal expansion is not in the cylinder head is extrusion and rupture;

(6) when assembling liner paint will make the cylinder rupture;

(7) on the shoulder of cylinder liner on a plane above the body flat is too big;

(8) the shoulder of cylinder liner of notch should be rounded, when processing without rounded corners or rounded corners are too small, easily from desktop for cylinder sleeve and shoulder the stress concentration induced by rupture;

(9) use inferior cylinder-bed, will cause a cylinder fracture;

(10) the cylinder sets of levels of processing without the body, are not chamfered.

10, Deutz diesel engine why do black smoke?

After long, Deutz diesel engine smoke behavior can occur, affecting the work environment, air pollution, and the skill has decreased markedly. Its main causes are:

(1) the engine work for a long time;

(2) to injector insufficient or poorly atomized produce incomplete combustion;

(3) fuel supply point late, exhaust pipe of combustion;

(4) high pressure oil pump for oil amount too big or the cylinder oil evenly;

(5) air filter and intake inlet obstruction does not clear;

(6) heavy diesel oil or diesel oil quality is poor;

(7) leakage of valve key wind is not strict;

(8) on the camshaft cam worn too large;

(9) the fuel pump failure in advance;

(10) the exhaust manifolds or mufflers plug is not clear, at the same time with the exception of the engine noise.

Why take Blue 11, Deutz diesel engine smoke?

Take the blue smoke is primarily caused by burning oil. Reasons:

(1) serious wear of cylinder liner and piston, clearance is too large, engine oil into the cylinder combustion;

(2) improper Assembly counterpart of piston ring;

(3) serious valve stem and valve guide wear;

(4) the piston ring and oil ring is damaged or carbon more stuck, losing oil scraper features;

(5) oil, such as adding too much.

12, Deutz diesel engine why is there oil in the tank?

Oil in the tank caused the main factors are:

(1) cylinder Deutz diesel engine oil, aluminum close in the front cover, aluminum Assembly noncompliance or leaking load of boring, moisturizing oil into waterways;

(2) the body communicates with Chlamydia trachomatis and waterways of upper oil cylinder, cylinder head, oil hole copper tube is loose on the body are not riveting die;

(3) gas cylinder head, oil and water wall is Chlamydia trachomatis, shrinkage or cracking;

(4) oil cooler cover core crack of Chlamydia trachomatis, oil cooler, oil cooler Assembly "O"-ring Assembly is not good, "O" out of aging elastic rubber ring, oil cooler core "O"-ring groove processing caused by too much variance "O" ring seal pressure is not enough.

13, why there is water in the oil pan?

After entering the cooling water in the oil pan oil deterioration, resulting in oil pan of water in the main reasons:

(1) ageing resistance hydrosphere burn or rupture of cylinder casing;

(2) sand hole leaking cylinder head cracks;

(3) wet sand cracks or holes of cylinder liner shrinkage

(4) wet cylinder liner broken ends;

(5) within the body cavity or sand hole shrinkage cracks and other defects;

(6) the oil cooler has a quality problem, Deutz diesel engine is not working, the water flow into the oil pan.

14, why was the Bush burn?

Bearing crankshaft damage after the burn, the connecting rod deformation, if not stopped in time, serious cause connecting rod screw off, breaking the body. Bush burning reasons of:

(1) in the oil pan engine oil low oil or engine oil oil not flow freely, resulting in poor lubrication;

(2) low oil pressure;

(3) use oil too dirty in the process, oil in the water, diesel, ageing of the oil, oil model no;

(4) external engine oil seal pipe joints and their Deutz diesel engine configuration leakage with oil-lubricated parts;

(5) oil filter plug, oil cooler jams;

(6) sets of engine oil filter welding loose falls off;

(7) oil pipeline rupture, oil suction pipe lock nut is loose;

(8) oil pump rotor broken pump shaft fracture, and will cause burned to death;

(9) the bearing and axle Assembly clearance is too large or too small, so cannot be certain when oil lubrication oil film;

(10) the Ellipticity of the journal more than a certain amount of requests, also prevented the oil from forming oil film;

(11) bearing alloy cast loose and tiles, in the fast-moving off;

(12) main bearings connecting rod screw tightening torque nuts and fails to meet the requirements of the moment;

(13) clean when the body Assembly and crankshaft degrees do not meet the technical requirements;

(14) the crankshaft oblique oil hole drilled holes and body oils road;

(15) Deutz diesel Starter is insufficient lubrication, the track according to Moskowitz high-speed operation of diesel engines;

(16) piston cooling nozzle breaks or falls off.

15 why, Deutz diesel engine speed is not high, the car runs no faster?

(1) fuel pump throttle lever to achieve the maximum maximum fuel delivery, Deutz diesel engine idling is lower than the highest calibration value, adjustable rates low;

(2) fuel line there is air in the system;

(3) fuel tanks or diesel filter, small transmission oil pump filter blocked, for lack of oil;

(4) air filter, air intake inadequate;

(5) nozzle carbon more killed;

(6) the high pressure oil pump plunger early wear.

16, Deutz diesel engine oil consumption of oil why would increase?

(1) piston ring piston stuck in the Groove, sintering, and oil rings carbon deposition oil return holes were blocked;

(2) lack of elasticity for piston ring;

(3) piston ring, piston and cylinder sets of badly worn or there is a cylinder, engine oil into the combustion chamber;

(4) improper Assembly of piston ring, have a counterpart, second ring mounted reverse; oil ring wrong place;

(5) the oil increases too much, too much oil splash, partial entering the combustion chamber and burned;

(6) the damaged Cork oil pan gasket or oil leakage of oil drain screw, causing increased oil consumption;

(7) the Out-of-round bottom hole for cylinder liner;

(8) set into the body's loss of cylinder liner in the hole at the end of the cylinder;

(9) the valve oil seal failure;

(10) Out-of-round cylinder head valve guide hole;

(11) the cylinder and piston clearance is too large;

(12) the clearance between the valve stem and valve Guide, lubricating oil into the combustion chamber of the valve train;

(13) the transition of valve train lubrication, oil from the gap between the valve stem and valve guide into the combustion chamber.

17, Deutz diesel engines in use why is the crankshaft fracture in the process?

Crankshaft in the course of normal use, normally does not have a broken shaft, crankshaft has pledged to have enough strength in the design, and to go through rigorous testing and balancing check measurements. Causes of crankshaft has:

(1) under the crankshaft with sand hole, loose;

(2) physical properties and chemical properties of the material of crankshaft, metallographic organization does not meet the requirements;

(3) the engine work for a long time, due to fatigue the transition the crankshaft;

(4) main lock bearing nut is loose or not locked;

(5) oil too dirty, poor lubrication conditions, causing melt fracture of axle;

(6) the crankshaft grinding and distribution increase WHr, because journal r corner destroyed, ground at right angles, subjected to strength reduction caused by fracture of crankshaft;

(7) main bearing cap due to fracture the material or process;

(8) Deutz diesel engine power output did not use the clutch unit, force perpendicular to the direction of the crankshaft centre-line crankshaft, rear of crankshaft fatigue fracture.

18, Deutz diesel engine water temperature too high

(1) water pump fan belt is too loose, reduced water pump;

(2) Deutz diesel engine work took too long;

(3) lack of cooling water;

(4) water pump pump water shortage, lack of circulating water;

(5) the water pump impeller is damaged, loose water pump impeller and pump shaft, water pump pulley barrel keys, water pump bearing seizure;

(6) cooling system blockage, due to poor cooling water flow;

(7) the thermostat failures;

(8) not insensitive or water temperature sensor failure;

(9) the poor lubrication, oil temperature;

(10) the fan mounted against;

(11) the gap between the heat sink of water tank is dirt clogging effect of ventilation;

(12) water tank heat sink size, and unreasonable;

(13) car or converted for agricultural machinery is not reasonable, Windward is the water tank is in the way too much;

(14) the tank without the fan cover;

(15) when used for fixed power Deutz diesel engine, due to poor ventilation environment temperature is too high, or should be matched with open type circulating cooling water is not used.

19, oil pressure is too low

(1) insufficient oil in oil pan;

(2) not insensitive or oil pressure alarm failure;

(3) the oil pressure gauge and oil pressure sensing Plug does not fit;

(4) oil oil plug;

(5) the oil pump suction strainer plug;

(6) the oil filter plug, safety valve failure;

(7) Deutz diesel engine main bearings connecting rod bearing wear, clearance increased;

(8) Deutz diesel engine is overheating, engine oil temperature, engine oil diluted;

(9) the gap between the oil pump gear and shell or excessive backlash;

(10) oil pump oil leakage of pump body is Chlamydia trachomatis, shrinkage;

(11) use of engine oil grade does not;

(12) 495-gasket is not installed or is damaged, oil leaking from the gap;

(13) oil spill in the fuel line nut loose;

(14) the oblique oil hole of crankshaft, cylinder block main bearing oil holes drilled or Chlamydia trachomatis;

(15) back to the valve opening pressure is too low on the oil filter, causing oil return oil prematurely, affecting the entire oil pressure lubrication system;

(16) oil filter